Java Array - Tech Gyan Blog

Array is a container object and it contains elements of similar data type.
We can store only fixed set of elements in java array.
Array is a final class inheritance is not possible.
Arrays are used to store the multiple numbers of elements of single type.
The length of the array is established at the time of array creation. After creation the length is fixed.
The items presented in the array are classed elements. Those elements can be accessed by index values. The index is begins from (0).

Array declarations:-

Single dimensional Array declaration:-

1^st one recommended because Type is clearly separated from the Name.
At the time of declaration we can’t specify the size.
Ex- int a[3];

Array Construction-:

Every array in java is an object. Hence we can create by using new operator.

Ex-: int[] a=new int[3];

For ever array type corresponding classes are available. But these classes are not applicable for programmer Level.
At the time of construction compulsory we should specify the size otherwise we will get compile-Time error

int[] a=new int[]; //C.E

int[] a=new int[3]; // valid

It is Legal to have an array with size 0 in java.

int[] a=new int[0];

If we are specifying array size as –ve int value, we will get runtime Exception saying- NagativeArraySizeException.

int[] a=new int[-7]; // R.E. NagativeArraySizeException

To specify array size the allowed data types are byte, short, int, char, if we are using any other type we will get compile-time error.

Example:-

int[] a=new int[‘a’] ; // valid
byte b=10 ;

int[] a=new int[b]; // valid

short s=20;

int[]a=new int[s] ; // valid

int[] a=new int[10l] ; // C.E.

int[] a=new int[10.5] ; // C.E.

Array initialization:-

Whenever we are creating an array automatically every element is initialized with default values.

Example:-

int[] a=new int[3];

System.out.println(a); // [[email protected]….
System.out.println(a[0]); // 0
Note-:
whenever we are trying to print any object reference internally toString() will be call which is implemented as follows-
[email protected]_String_of_hashcode

The foreach Loops:

JDK 1.5 introduced a new for loop known as foreach loop or enhanced for loop, which enables you to traverse the complete array sequentially without using an index variable.

ArrayDemo.java

class ArrayDemo
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// declares an intArray and allocates memory for 2 int values
  int[] intArray = new int[2];
  int[] intArray = new int[2];   
  int i=0;
  for (int element : intArray)
  {
    System.out.println("Element at Index "+ i + " : "+element);
     ++i;
  }
}
}

Output
Element at Index 0 : 0
Element at Index 1 : 0

Java Array (double array default values)

ArrayDemo.java

class ArrayDemo
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
/*
* Declares an array of doubles and allocates memory for 5 doubles.
*/
   double[] doubleArray = new double[5];   
   int i = 0;
  for (double element : doubleArray)
  {
   System.out.println("Element at Index " + i + " : " + element);
   ++i;
  }
}
}

Output :-
Element at Index 0 : 0.0
Element at Index 1 : 0.0
Element at Index 2 : 0.0
Element at Index 3 : 0.0
Element at Index 4 : 0.0

Java Array (String array default values)

ArrayDemo.java

class ArrayDemo
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
/*
* Declares an array of strings and allocates memory for 2 strings.
*/
   String[] stringArray = new String[2];   
   int i = 0;
    for (String element : stringArray)
    {
        System.out.println("Element at Index " + i + " : " + element);
        ++i;
    }
}
}

Output :-
Element at Index 0 : null
Element at Index 1 : null

Note-

Once we created an array every element by default initialized with default values. If we are not satisfy with those default values then we can override, those with our Customized Values.

Java Array (double array default values)

Java Array (String array default values)

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